Fluoride ion charge

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Fluoride Ion Charge: Fundamental Properties

The fluoride ion (F⁻) carries a single negative charge. This is because it is formed when a fluorine atom gains one electron, resulting in a full outer electron shell and a net charge of -1 Kaleibari2022Liu2024. This negative charge is what makes the fluoride ion an effective charge carrier in various chemical and electrochemical systems, including batteries and biological environments Hou2019Kaleibari2022Xiao2021.

Fluoride Ion Charge in Electrochemical Systems

Fluoride Ion as a Charge Carrier in Batteries

Fluoride ion batteries (FIBs) utilize the F⁻ ion as the main charge carrier. The small size and single negative charge of the fluoride ion allow it to move efficiently through electrolytes and electrode materials, contributing to high ionic mobility and energy density in these batteries Nowroozi2017Hou2019Liu2020+4 MORE. The charge of -1 is essential for the redox reactions that occur during battery operation, where fluoride ions are transferred between electrodes to store and release energy Nowroozi2017Hou2019Liu2020+4 MORE.

Charge Transport and Interfacial Behavior

The negative charge of the fluoride ion enables it to participate in charge transport processes within solid and liquid electrolytes. This property is exploited in the design of solid-state and aqueous fluoride ion batteries, where the F⁻ ion shuttles between electrodes, facilitating the flow of electric current Hou2019Liu2020Mohammad2018+3 MORE. The charge also plays a role in interfacial charge separation and transport, as seen in applications like solar water splitting, where F⁻ ions enhance the separation of charge carriers at the electrode/electrolyte interface .

Fluoride Ion Charge in Biological and Material Science Contexts

Detection and Imaging

The negative charge of the fluoride ion allows it to be selectively detected and imaged in biological systems using positively charged probes. These probes are designed to bind specifically to F⁻ ions, enabling visualization in living cells and organisms .

Ion Release and Material Interactions

In dental materials and other applications, the charge of the fluoride ion is crucial for its controlled release and interaction with other charged species, such as calcium and phosphate ions, to promote remineralization and other beneficial effects .

Conclusion

The fluoride ion universally carries a single negative charge (F⁻), which is fundamental to its role as a charge carrier in batteries, its behavior in electrochemical and biological systems, and its interactions in various materials. This charge underpins the ion’s high mobility, reactivity, and utility in advanced energy storage and other technological applications Nowroozi2017Hou2019Liu2020+7 MORE.

Sources and full results

Most relevant research papers on this topic

LaSrMnO4: Reversible Electrochemical Intercalation of Fluoride Ions in the Context of Fluoride Ion Batteries

LaSrMnO4 with K2NiF4 type structure shows potential as a high voltage cathode material for fluoride ion batteries, offering a discharging capacity of 20-25 mAh/g and reversible electrochemical intercalation of fluoride ions.

Highly Cited

2017·

130citations

·M. Nowroozi et al.

Chemistry of Materials·

DOI

An Aqueous Rechargeable Fluoride Ion Battery with Dual Fluoride Electrodes

This study presents the first aqueous fluoride ion flow battery with dual fluoride electrodes, achieving a stable discharge capacity of 89.5 mAh g-1 after 85 cycles, promising potential for future clean energy applications.

2019·

25citations

·Xianhua Hou et al.

Journal of The Electrochemical Society·

DOI

SnF2-based fluoride ion electrolytes MSnF4 (M = Ba, Pb) for the application of room-temperature solid-state fluoride ion batteries

SnF2-based fluoride ion electrolytes MSnF4 (M = Ba, Pb) enable room-temperature solid-state fluoride ion batteries with high initial discharging capacities.

2020·

50citations

·Lei Liu et al.

Journal of Alloys and Compounds·

DOI

Visualizing fluoride ion in mitochondria and lysosome of living cells and in living mice with positively charged ratiometric probes.

Positively charged ratiometric probes Mito-F and Lyso-F effectively visualize fluoride ion in living cells and mice, enabling fast and efficient fluorescent detection.

2015·

41citations

·Zhisheng Wu et al.

Analytical chemistry·

DOI

Synthesis of Fast Fluoride-Ion-Conductive Fluorite-Type Ba1- xSb xF2+ x (0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.4): A Potential Solid Electrolyte for Fluoride-Ion Batteries.

Ba0.7Sb0.3F2.3 shows high ionic conductivity and potential for use in fluoride-ion batteries, with high discharge and charge capacities in the first cycle at 150°C.

2018·

53citations

·Irshad Mohammad et al.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·

DOI

Charge-discharge behavior of fluorine-intercalated graphite for the positive electrode of fluoride ion shuttle battery

Fluorine-intercalated graphite (CxF) can effectively serve as the cathode active material in fluoride ion shuttle batteries, with a maximum capacity of 230 mAh g-1 when 80 wt% CuF2 is added.

2019·

20citations

·Y. Matsuo et al.

Electrochemistry Communications·

DOI

Towards the high energy density batteries via fluoride ions shuttling in liquid electrolytes: A review

Fluoride ion batteries (FIBs) show potential as a high energy density battery system due to their small size, low atomic weight, and good ionic mobility, but further research is needed to address potential drawbacks.

2022·

7citations

·Saeed Shafiei Kaleibari et al.

International Journal of Energy Research·

DOI

Ion release, fluoride charge of and adhesion of an orthodontic cement paste containing microcapsules.

Orthodontic cements with microcapsules release bioavailable fluoride, calcium, and phosphate ions near the tooth surface, promoting remineralization without affecting cement adhesion to enamel.

2016·

6citations

·Brant D. Burbank et al.

Journal of dentistry·

DOI

The case for fluoride-ion batteries

Fluoride-ion batteries show potential for high energy density and low costs, but require further research on safe liquid electrolytes, mechanistic study, and stable non-active battery components.

Highly Cited

2021·

95citations

·A. Xiao et al.

Joule·

DOI

Fluoride Ions Post-Treatment Regulates Interfacial Charge Separation and Transport to Promote Solar Water Splitting of Bismuth Vanadate.

Fluoride ions post-treatment improves solar water splitting performance of bismuth vanadate by enhancing charge carrier separation and interfacial charge transport.

2024·

1citation

·Xiaogang Liu et al.

ChemSusChem·

DOI

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