COVID-19 in pets
Pro Research Analysisby 
Searched over 200M research papers
SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Pets: Prevalence and Transmission Risk
Research shows that pets, especially cats and dogs, can become infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, primarily through close contact with infected humans. Studies from the United States, Brazil, and Europe have found that pets living in households with COVID-19-positive individuals have a higher rate of seropositivity, indicating previous exposure to the virus. For example, seroprevalence rates in pets from COVID-19-positive households ranged from 17% to over 50%, with cats generally showing higher rates of infection than dogs 2368. The risk of infection in pets is closely linked to the amount and type of contact they have with infected owners, such as sharing beds or spending extended periods together 28.
Pets as a Source of Human Infection: Current Evidence
Despite evidence that pets can contract SARS-CoV-2 from humans, there is no strong evidence that pets play a significant role in transmitting the virus back to humans. The main route of COVID-19 transmission remains human-to-human. While viral RNA has been detected in a small number of pets, and rare cases of mild illness have been reported in animals, the risk of pets spreading the virus to people is considered very low 457. However, experts recommend that people with COVID-19 limit close contact with their pets as a precaution 28.
Clinical Signs and Health Impact on Pets
Most pets that test positive for SARS-CoV-2 either show no symptoms or develop only mild, reversible signs of illness. Infected animals may experience mild respiratory or gastrointestinal symptoms, but severe disease is rare . The presence of neutralizing antibodies in some pets suggests that they can mount an immune response to the virus, and infection does not appear to be widespread among pets outside of households with confirmed human cases 38.
Human-Pet Relationships and Challenges During the Pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected pet owners in various ways. While pets have provided companionship, emotional support, and routine for many people, especially older adults, the pandemic has also introduced new challenges. Owners have reported concerns about accessing veterinary care, obtaining pet supplies, and the fate of their pets if they become ill. Economic hardship and changes in daily routines have also contributed to stress and, in some cases, increased the risk of pet relinquishment to shelters 1910. These challenges highlight the importance of considering both human and animal welfare in public health responses.
Recommendations for Pet Owners
Experts recommend that people diagnosed with COVID-19 avoid close contact with their pets, such as sharing beds or cuddling, to reduce the risk of transmission. Good hygiene practices, such as washing hands before and after interacting with pets, are also advised. Planning for pet care in case of owner illness and ensuring access to veterinary services are important steps to protect both pets and their owners 2810.
Conclusion
Pets can become infected with SARS-CoV-2, mainly through close contact with infected humans, but they are unlikely to play a significant role in spreading COVID-19 to people. The pandemic has brought both benefits and challenges to pet owners, emphasizing the need for a balanced approach that considers the health and welfare of both humans and animals. Public health guidance should continue to address the unique needs of pet-owning households during infectious disease outbreaks.
Sources and full results
Most relevant research papers on this topic