Paper
Adipositas und Diabetes in der Schwangerschaft
Published Sep 1, 2023 · A. Schlune, J. Stupin, U. Schäfer-Graf
Die Diabetologie
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Abstract
Obesity and diabetes in pregnancy are common. Both are associated with adverse outcomes, not only for the mother. Through processes of perinatal metabolic programming, they significantly increase the offspring’s risk to develop overweight or obesity later in life. Maternal preconceptional overweight is considered the most critical perinatal determinant. However, excessive weight gain and gestational diabetes or hyperglycemia during pregnancy are also considered significant risk factors for the development of overweight/obesity and comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes in the child. Lifestyle modifications investigated so far in pregnant women with obesity do not appear to sufficiently improve long-term maternal metabolic outcome or to significantly reduce the obesity risk in the offspring. Breastfeeding not only protects the mother from developing type 2 diabetes, but also reduces the child’s risk of becoming overweight. Findings from large human cohorts such as the mother–child cohort PEACHES (Programming of Enhanced Adiposity Risk in CHildhood—Early Screening) and target group-specific approaches such as the intervention study BEARR (Breastfeeding EducAtion for Risk Reduction) can help identify those children with the greatest risk of developing overweight/obesity and initiate targeted preventive measures.
Obesity and diabetes in pregnancy significantly increase the offspring's risk of developing overweight or obesity later in life, with breastfeeding reducing the child's risk of becoming overweight.
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