Paper
A Clinical Study on Urinary Clusterin and Cystatin B in Dogs with Spontaneous Acute Kidney Injury
Published May 1, 2024 · E. Gordin, S. Viitanen, D. Gordin
Veterinary Sciences
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Abstract
Simple Summary In our study, we looked into finding better ways to diagnose and predict acute kidney injury (AKI) in dogs. To do so, two substances were studied in dog urine, urinary clusterin (uClust) and cystatin B (uCysB), to see if they could be useful as markers for AKI. We compared samples from 18 dogs with different levels of AKI and 10 healthy dogs. Dogs with AKI initially had higher levels of uClust and uCysB than healthy dogs. Also, the level of uCysB was higher in dogs that did not survive. In conclusion, uClust and uCysB seem to be promising markers for diagnosing and predicting the outcome of AKI in dogs. Abstract Novel biomarkers are needed in diagnosing reliably acute kidney injury (AKI) in dogs and in predicting morbidity and mortality after AKI. Our hypothesis was that two novel tubular biomarkers, urinary clusterin (uClust) and cystatin B (uCysB), are elevated in dogs with AKI of different etiologies. In a prospective, longitudinal observational study, we collected serum and urine samples from 18 dogs with AKI of different severity and of various etiology and from 10 healthy control dogs. Urinary clusterin and uCysB were compared at inclusion between dogs with AKI and healthy controls and remeasured one and three months later. Dogs with AKI had higher initial levels of uClust (median 3593 ng/mL; interquartile range [IQR]; 1489–10,483) and uCysB (554 ng/mL; 29–821) compared to healthy dogs (70 ng/mL; 70–70 and 15 ng/mL; 15–15; p < 0.001, respectively). Initial uCysB were higher in dogs that died during the one-month follow-up period (n = 10) (731 ng/mL; 517–940), compared to survivors (n = 8) (25 ng/mL; 15–417 (p = 0.009). Based on these results, uClust and especially uCysB are promising biomarkers of AKI. Further, they might reflect the severity of tubular injury, which is known to be central to the pathology of AKI.
Urinary clusterin and cystatin B are promising biomarkers for diagnosing and predicting acute kidney injury in dogs, with higher levels in dogs with acute kidney injury and higher levels in dogs that die.
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